Econ Papers Daily / 期刊论文
替代性农业碳边境调节与气候俱乐部设计：一项量化评估
Alternative Agricultural Carbon Border Adjustment and Climate Club Designs : a Quantitative Assessment
摘要
We analyze alternative agricultural carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM) designs across three dimensions (participating countries, emission intensity, and carbon price). We find that an agricultural CBAM by the European Union (or an expanded climate club consisting of the EU and other countries) has minor global agricultural GHG emission implications but protects the most emission intensive domestic production. Nevertheless, having a larger climate club imposing CBAM tariffs and applying exporters’ emission intensities are more effective in lowering global emissions. Compared to national carbon prices, harmonized carbon prices at climate club level can reduce trade disruptions while attaining similar emission reduction outcomes.
中文摘要
摘要 我们从三个维度（参与国、排放强度与碳价格）分析了农业碳边境调节机制（CBAM）的不同设计方案。研究发现，欧盟（或由欧盟及其他国家组成的扩大化气候俱乐部）实施的农业CBAM对全球农业温室气体排放影响较小，但能保护国内排放强度最高的生产活动。然而，由更大规模的气候俱乐部征收CBAM关税并采用出口国排放强度的方案，在降低全球排放方面更为有效。相较于各国自主设定的碳价格，在气候俱乐部层面实施统一的碳价格可在实现相近减排效果的同时减少贸易扭曲。