Econ Papers Daily / 期刊论文
人工智能技术、技能需求与就业：来自关联招聘广告的证据
Artificial intelligence technologies, skills demand and employment: Evidence from linked job ads
摘要
We study how artificial intelligence (AI) is related to labour demand at the establishment level. We use the share of AI related vacancy postings at the establishment level to identify activities in developing, implementing or using AI technologies. Low overall AI vacancy shares between 2015 and 2023 suggest that we study a phase of early AI adoption where establishment AI activities are rather associated with discernable changes in skill demand. We find a small reduction in the demand for those hard skills, denoting skills required for the tasks specific to a certain occupational activity, that are not related to AI technologies and that are mainly required to complete analytical non-routine tasks like, e.g., “analysis”, “development”, “software implementation”. We found no overall association with employment growth, nor did we identify any correlation between AI-related activities or different skill groups.
中文摘要
我们研究人工智能（AI）如何在机构层面与劳动力需求相关。我们使用机构层面AI相关职位空缺发布的比例来识别在开发、实施或使用AI技术方面的活动。2015年至2023年间总体AI职位空缺比例较低，表明我们研究的是AI采用的早期阶段，在此阶段机构的AI活动与技能需求的可辨别变化较为相关。我们发现，对那些与AI技术无关、且主要用于完成分析性非常规任务（例如“分析”、“开发”、“软件实施”）的硬技能（即特定职业活动任务所需的技能）的需求略有减少。我们未发现与就业增长存在总体关联，也未识别出AI相关活动或不同技能群体之间的任何相关性。