Econ Papers Daily / 期刊论文
认知衰退、教育与动态选择
Cognitive decline, education, and dynamic selection
摘要
I estimate a model of health investment, health, and sample participation, and I find substantially wider gaps in cognitive health by education relative to reduced-form estimators, even after accounting for the endogeneity of education. Selective exits (mortality or attrition) among less-educated respondents generate cross-sectional comparisons between highly educated individuals and the subset of healthier, less-educated individuals who survive. Furthermore, I find that education gaps widen at relatively early stages of cognitive decline—contrary to a large literature arguing that education affects levels but not slopes. Finally, I show that differential rates of cigarette smoking by education do not explain these gaps in cognitive health.
中文摘要
我估计了一个关于健康投资、健康状况和样本参与的模型，发现相对于简约式估计量，认知健康按教育程度划分的差距要大得多，即使在考虑了教育的内生性之后也是如此。受教育程度较低的受访者中选择性退出（死亡或样本流失）导致横截面比较发生在高受教育程度个体与存活下来的更健康的低受教育程度个体子集之间。此外，我发现教育差距在认知衰退的相对早期阶段就已扩大——这与大量文献认为教育影响水平但不影响斜率的观点相反。最后，我表明，按教育程度划分的吸烟率差异并不能解释这些认知健康差距。