Econ Papers Daily / 期刊论文
连贯、可信且全面还是分散且无效？地缘政治变化期间挪威的能源贫困政策组合
Coherent, credible and comprehensive or diffuse and ineffective? The energy poverty policy mix in Norway during geopolitical changes
摘要
Unlike numerous European Union member states, Norway lacks an explicit definition of energy poverty and targeted alleviation policies. Historically associated with energy abundance thanks to its early capitalisation on hydropower attributes, the country offers a fertile context to investigate the changing impact of Europe's turn towards energy security amid geopolitical turbulence and resultant impacts at household level. We report on the first study to address this directly in Norway by analysing its energy poverty policy mix. The policy mix literature has identified coherence, credibility and comprehensiveness as desirable aspects for effectiveness. Based on a top-down approach through a desk study of relevant policies, and a bottom-up approach using an expert focus group discussion, we identify and explain the implications of Norway's diffuse energy poverty policy mix. Measures address symptoms rather than underlying causes through short-term populist policies and misdirect support in ways that risk increasing inequity while failing to ameliorate energy poverty for vulnerable households. While Norway's broader welfare system offers social protection, the lack of a definition of energy poverty, ambiguous institutional responsibility, and weak coherence of policy measures limit policy mix effectiveness, while failing to furnish a firm base for its credible and comprehensive treatment.
中文摘要
与众多欧盟成员国不同，挪威缺乏对能源贫困的明确定义以及有针对性的缓解政策。由于早期对水电属性的资本化利用，挪威在历史上一直与能源充裕相关联，这为研究欧洲在地缘政治动荡中转向能源安全所带来的影响变化及其在家庭层面的后果提供了一个丰富的背景。我们报告了首个直接针对挪威这一问题展开的研究，通过分析其能源贫困政策组合。政策组合文献已将一致性、可信性和全面性确定为有效性的理想要素。基于对相关政策进行案头研究的自上而下方法，以及利用专家焦点小组讨论的自下而上方法，我们识别并解释了挪威分散的能源贫困政策组合所蕴含的影响。相关措施通过短期民粹主义政策针对症状而非根本原因，并以可能加剧不平等的方式错误引导支持，同时未能改善脆弱家庭的能源贫困状况。尽管挪威更广泛的福利体系提供了社会保护，但能源贫困定义的缺失、制度责任的模糊以及政策措施一致性的薄弱限制了政策组合的有效性，同时未能为其可信和全面的应对提供坚实基础。