Econ Papers Daily / 期刊论文
环境调整后的生产率增长与奶牛场影子价格
Environmentally adjusted productivity growth and shadow prices for dairy farms
摘要
We estimate the environmentally adjusted productivity growth and shadow price for Ontario dairy farms. We use an input‐oriented directional distance function and farm‐level data from 2000 to 2020. First, we find that while GHG emissions per cow increase with higher milk yields, emission intensity decreases as milk yield per cow increases. We also find that emission intensity decreased over the study period. Second, we find that environmentally adjusted productivity growth is higher than unadjusted productivity growth. Technological change contributed more to both environmentally adjusted and unadjusted productivity growth than did efficiency change. Third, the estimated shadow price for GHG emissions was CAN$286 per metric ton.
中文摘要
我们估算了安大略省奶牛场的环境调整后生产率增长及影子价格。我们采用投入导向型方向性距离函数，并使用2000年至2020年的农场层面数据。首先，我们发现尽管每头奶牛的温室气体排放量随牛奶产量的提高而增加，但排放强度却随着每头奶牛产奶量的增加而下降。同时，我们还发现研究期间排放强度有所降低。其次，我们发现环境调整后的生产率增长高于未调整的生产率增长。技术进步对两种生产率增长的贡献均大于效率变化。第三，估算的温室气体排放影子价格为每公吨286加元。