Econ Papers Daily / 期刊论文
以支配性评估代际后果：未来身份不可观测时的效率
Evaluating intergenerational consequences by dominance: Efficiency when future identities are unobservable
摘要
We examine the claim that Pareto Dominance can evaluate efficiency-improving policies with long-lasting intergenerational consequences. Climate policies is a prime example, seeking to correct the externality that emitters of greenhouse gases do not pay for the future consequences of their emissions. However, climate policies lead to different identities of future people, ruling out a personal interpretation of Pareto Dominance. Assuming that there are infinitely many future people whose identities are not observable, we specify conditions under which their spatiotemporal positions do not matter and where rank-ordered streams play an important role. We justify Rank-Order Dominance whereby a world a rank-order dominates another world b if a Pareto dominates b for earlier born people and Suppes-Sen dominates b for future people, where one of the two need not be strict. We illustrate the controversial and even counterintuitive properties of this dominance relation for policy choice.
中文摘要
我们考察帕累托占优能够评估具有长期代际后果的效率改进政策这一主张。气候政策是一个典型例子，旨在纠正温室气体排放者不为自身排放的未来后果付费所导致的外部性。然而，气候政策会导致未来人的身份不同，从而排除了对帕累托占优作个人化解释的可能。假设存在无限多未来人且其身份不可观测，我们界定了一些条件，在这些条件下，他们的时空位置无关紧要，而按序排列的流则发挥重要作用。我们为按序占优提供辩护：若世界a对较早出生的人帕累托占优于世界b，且对未来人苏佩斯-森占优于世界b，则世界a按序占优于世界b，其中两者之一不必是严格的。我们说明这一占优关系在政策选择中所具有的有争议甚至反直觉的性质。