Econ Papers Daily / 期刊论文
成长的烦恼：新兴经济体的资源错配
Growing Pains: Inefficient Resource Allocation in Emerging Economies
摘要
This paper investigates how economic catch‐up shapes resource allocation in emerging economies. I develop a model that features firm‐specific technology adoption and costly adjustment of production factors. Rapid technological progress during catch‐up creates strong demand for reallocating resources from slow to fast adopters, amplifying the consequences of adjustment costs. The amplification fades as technological change gradually slows during convergence to a more advanced and efficient steady state. I evaluate the model using Chinese and German enterprise data and find that differences in development stage account for at least 40% of their labour allocative efficiency gap.
中文摘要
本文研究经济追赶如何塑造新兴经济体的资源配置。我构建了一个模型，其特征是企业特定技术采用和生产要素的有成本调整。追赶过程中的快速技术进步产生了从慢速采用者向快速采用者重新配置资源的强烈需求，放大了调整成本的后果。随着技术变革在向更先进、更高效的稳态收敛过程中逐渐放缓，这种放大效应也随之减弱。我使用中国和德国的企业数据对模型进行评估，发现发展阶段差异至少可以解释两国劳动配置效率差距的40%。