Econ Papers Daily / 期刊论文
天气冲击与作物多样化对家庭粮食安全的异质性影响：性别维度
Heterogeneous Effects of Weather Shocks and Crop Diversification on Household Food Security. A Gender Dimension
摘要
About one‐quarter of the global population, that is, approximately 1.8 billion people, with 90% in low‐ and middle‐income countries, face substantial weather‐related risks. This paper studies how weather shocks are associated with crop diversification and household food security in Nigeria, with a focus on gendered plot management. We merge historical climate data with the World Bank's Living Standards Measurement Study—Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS‐ISA) to construct rainfall anomaly (z‐score) and temperature extreme (Killing Degree Days, KDD) measures, household crop diversification, and household food security indicators. Using a Two‐Way Fixed Effects (TWFE) model, we find that both rainfall shocks and extreme temperatures are negatively associated with household dietary diversity, but the relationship is mixed for other food security outcomes. Crop diversification is positively associated with food security under high temperature exposure, but the relationship is mixed under rainfall anomalies. The gender composition of household plot managers does not show a statistically robust moderating role in the aggregate; however, gender differences emerge at certain thresholds of weather exposure. The results highlight the heterogeneity in the crop diversification—food security relationship across weather dimensions.
中文摘要
全球约四分之一人口（约18亿人）面临重大气候相关风险，其中90%生活在低收入和中等收入国家。本文以尼日利亚为研究对象，聚焦地块管理的性别差异，探讨天气冲击与作物多样化及家庭粮食安全之间的关联。我们将历史气候数据与世界银行生活标准测量研究——农业综合调查（LSMS-ISA）相结合，构建了降雨异常（z-score）和极端温度（致死度日，KDD）指标，以及家庭作物多样化和粮食安全指标。采用双向固定效应（TWFE）模型研究发现，降雨冲击和极端温度均与家庭膳食多样性呈负相关，但与其他粮食安全指标的关系则呈现混合特征。在高温暴露条件下，作物多样化与粮食安全呈正相关，但在降雨异常情境下两者关系复杂。从总体来看，家庭地块管理者的性别构成并未表现出统计上稳健的调节作用；然而，在特定天气暴露阈值下，性别差异开始显现。研究结果揭示了作物多样化与粮食安全关系在不同天气维度上的异质性。