Econ Papers Daily / 期刊论文
异质性解雇成本、工人类型与生产率：来自自然实验的证据
Heterogeneous Firing Costs, Worker Types, and Productivity: Evidence from a Natural Experiment
摘要
We investigate how firing costs affect input choices and total factor productivity (TFP) by exploiting a labor reform in Belgium that increased firing costs of blue-collar workers relative to white-collar workers. Using a difference-in-differences design, we show that hiring and separations at blue-collar-intensive firms declined by 8 percent after the reform relative to white-collar-intensive firms. Moreover, blue-collar-intensive firms shifted workforce composition toward white-collar workers, offered fewer permanent contracts, and relied more on outsourced labor. We find no evidence of capital-intensive technology adoption and only little evidence of human capital investment. Ultimately, blue-collar-intensive firms experienced a 4.8 percent decline in TFP.
中文摘要
我们通过利用比利时一项劳动改革，该改革提高了蓝领工人相对于白领工人的解雇成本，来研究解雇成本如何影响投入选择及全要素生产率（TFP）。采用双重差分设计，我们发现改革后，相对于白领密集型公司，蓝领密集型公司的招聘和离职率下降了8%。此外，蓝领密集型公司调整了劳动力结构，转向更多使用白领工人，提供更少的永久合同，并更多依赖外包劳动力。我们没有发现资本密集型技术采纳的证据，人力资本投资的证据也较少。最终，蓝领密集型公司的全要素生产率下降了4.8%。