2022年后乌克兰数字技能的劳动力需求：来自在线职位空缺数据的证据

摘要

This paper examines how invasion-related disruption reshapes the demand for digital skills. The analysis uses a novel dataset of millions of online job vacancies in Ukraine from 2021 to 2025 classified with large language models and mapped to the ESCO taxonomy. The paper links vacancy-level skill data to high-frequency ACLED attack intensity measures and estimate time-series models. The findings document a robust positive association between attack intensity and the digital skill share of job postings, consistent across specifications and alternative attack measures. Within- and between-occupation shifts and remote work adoption jointly drive this increase, with within-occupation reskilling and upskilling alone accounting for roughly half of the total rise. The growing digital skill share partly reflects the relative resilience of digital hiring against a broader contraction in the volume of vacancies. These findings carry concrete implications for digital reskilling policy, labor market monitoring, and recovery and reconstruction planning.