Econ Papers Daily / 期刊论文
解放的遗产：内战难民营中的政治动态
Legacies of liberation: political dynamics in Civil War refugee camps
摘要
This paper traces the evolution of political outcomes in Civil War refugee camps, where roughly 600,000 enslaved African Americans achieved freedom. Refugee camps became sites of African American empowerment after the war, but these accomplishments were followed by a backlash that overturned the progressive outlook by the early 1900s. Despite the backlash, African Americans enjoyed persistently higher rates of literacy in counties home to refugee camps, fostering a sustained, selected outmigration of whites and enabling improved interracial relations. Today, progressive politics enjoy an advantage at these sites of former emancipation, and whites are key contributors to this progressive outlook. Overall, while progressive achievements may provoke backlash, they can also set in motion the very conditions that eventually erode resistance and foster renewed political progress.
中文摘要
本文追溯了美国内战难民集中营中政治结果的演变，约60万被奴役的非裔美国人在这里获得了自由。战后，难民集中营成为非裔美国人赋权之地，但这些成就随后遭遇反弹，至20世纪初，进步前景被颠覆。尽管存在反弹，但曾设有难民集中营的县中，非裔美国人的识字率持续较高，这促进了白人选择性迁出的持续现象，并改善了种族间关系。如今，在这些曾经的解放之地，进步政治占据优势，而白人是这一进步前景的关键贡献者。总体而言，尽管进步成就可能引发反弹，但它们也能催生最终削弱阻力、推动政治进步重新发展的条件。