Econ Papers Daily / 期刊论文
下班时间？工作时间认知偏差与劳动力市场结果
Off the clock? Working time misperceptions and labour market outcomes
摘要
This paper documents a gap between workers’ formal working time arrangements and their own reports of them, and examines what this gap reveals about informal working time flexibility. Combining administrative and survey data at the individual level, we construct a new and unique data set which shows that nearly 20% of the workforce mistakenly report that they work under day contracts, with no monitoring of hours, while they are actually paid through a standard hours contract. This reveals that many workers with various profiles may be misinformed about the legal environment governing something as fundamental as their working time. We show that these misreporting workers differ from classic workers in terms of working conditions: they perform more unpaid overtime hours but have a higher wage rate per contractual hour, so that their true compensation per hour worked is similar. Working time rules appear not to be fully applied to misreporters, but we find no evidence that employers use the discrepancy to extract rents. Non-compliance seems to operate as an informal working time arrangement facilitating a gradual transition between standard hours contracts and day contracts.
中文摘要
本文记录了劳动者正式工作时间安排与其自身报告之间的差距，并考察这一差距所揭示的非正式工作时间灵活性。通过将个人层面的行政数据与调查数据相结合，我们构建了一个新的独特数据集，该数据集显示，近20%的劳动力错误地报告自己在日合同下工作、工时不受监控，而实际上他们是通过标准工时合同获得报酬。这表明，许多具有不同特征的劳动者可能对规范其工作时间这一根本事项的法律环境存在误解。我们表明，这些误报劳动者在工作条件上与典型劳动者不同：他们从事更多无薪加班，但每合同工时的工资率更高，因此其每实际工作小时的真实报酬相近。工作时间规则似乎并未对误报者完全适用，但我们未发现证据表明雇主利用这一差异榨取租金。不遵守规则似乎作为一种非正式工作时间安排发挥作用，促进标准工时合同与日合同之间的渐进过渡。