Econ Papers Daily / 机构研究
质量至关重要：评估沙特阿拉伯王国提高教育质量的经济影响
Quality Matters: Estimating Economic Impacts of Improving Education Quality in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
摘要
Quality education drives economic growth and equality. Saudi Arabia has achieved near-universal enrollment but still trails peers in learning quality, limiting workforce readiness. Using data from 97 countries (2000–19), this paper models how Harmonized Learning Outcomes affect gross domestic product growth, accounting for factors like resource income. A 180-point rise in learning—matching the world’s best—could raise Saudi Arabia’s gross domestic product by 27 percent in 20 years, or $225 billion (in 2021 prices). Simulated scenarios yield gains of $125 billion to $156 billion, or 15 to 19 percent of gross domestic product, with front-loaded improvements offering faster returns. Strengthening teaching, curricula, early childhood programs and private sector engagement are key to realizing these gains.
中文摘要
优质教育推动经济增长与平等。沙特阿拉伯已实现近乎全民入学，但在学习质量方面仍落后于同类国家，限制了劳动力准备程度。本文利用97个国家（2000—19年）的数据，建立模型分析统一学习成果如何影响国内生产总值增长，并纳入资源收入等因素。学习水平提高180分——达到世界最佳水平——可在20年内使沙特阿拉伯国内生产总值提高27%，即2250亿美元（按2021年价格计算）。模拟情景产生的收益为1250亿至1560亿美元，占国内生产总值的15%至19%，其中前置改进可带来更快回报。加强教学、课程、幼儿项目和私营部门参与是实现这些收益的关键。