Econ Papers Daily / 期刊论文
北方森林生态系统服务的影子定价
Shadow Pricing Ecosystem Services in Boreal Forests
摘要
Abstract Boreal forests jointly produce marketed goods and non-market ecosystem services, generating unavoidable trade-offs. We estimate shadow prices with the directional distance function (R. G. Chambers et al. 1996), endogenizing the directional vector and correcting for sampling variation via bootstrap methods. Using a county-by-year panel of Swedish forests, we find that shadow prices vary spatially and temporally yet remain generally low, implying modest opportunity costs for improving biodiversity and carbon sequestration relative to timber. Morishima elasticities further characterize substitution possibilities and least-cost paths to better environmental outcomes. The results indicate unexploited scope for conservation policy in boreal systems.
中文摘要
摘要 北方森林同时生产可交易商品和非市场生态系统服务，由此产生不可避免的权衡。我们采用方向距离函数（R. G. Chambers等，1996）估计影子价格，将方向向量内生化，并通过自助法校正抽样变异。利用瑞典森林的县—年度面板数据，我们发现影子价格在空间和时间上存在差异，但总体仍然较低，这意味着相对于木材而言，改善生物多样性和碳封存的机会成本较为有限。Morishima弹性进一步刻画了替代可能性以及实现更优环境结果的最低成本路径。结果表明，北方森林系统中保护政策仍有未被利用的空间。