Econ Papers Daily / 期刊论文
标准协调与出口国制度质量
Standards Harmonization and Institutional Quality in Exporting Countries
摘要
The existing literature has documented the positive impact of standards harmonization in the importing country on trade, but it has not examined whether better institutional quality in exporting countries helps enhance the gains from this harmonization. Combining disaggregated trade data with data on maximum residue levels (MRLs) in pesticides, we exploit the EU's 2008 harmonization of pesticides MRLs to study the impact of institutional quality in non‐EU exporting countries on EU imports of horticultural products from these countries over 2005–2014 in a structural gravity framework. We find that multiple dimensions of institutional quality—government effectiveness, regulatory quality and rule of law, which reflect institutional capacity to implement and enforce harmonized standards and ensure transparency, and control of corruption that fosters trust between trading partners—enhance the positive impact of harmonization on the probability of exporting to the EU. However, a similar effect on export value is found to be inconclusive.
中文摘要
现有文献已证实进口国标准协调对贸易的积极影响，但尚未考察出口国制度质量是否有助于增强这种协调带来的收益。结合细分贸易数据与农药最大残留限量（MRLs）数据，我们利用欧盟2008年农药MRLs协调政策，在结构引力模型框架下，研究了2005—2014年间非欧盟出口国制度质量对欧盟从这些国家进口园艺产品的影响。研究发现，制度质量的多个维度——政府效能、监管质量和法治水平，这些反映制度能力以实施和执行协调标准并确保透明度，以及控制腐败以促进贸易伙伴间信任——均能增强协调对向欧盟出口概率的积极影响。然而，对出口价值的类似影响则未得到明确结论。