Econ Papers Daily / 期刊论文
创新技术采用补贴：布基纳法索疟疾的实验证据
Subsidies for innovative technology adoption: Experimental evidence on malaria in Burkina Faso
摘要
We evaluated both the demand for and impact of a prevention tool against malaria that requires repeated purchase and overcomes the limits of mosquito bed nets. We used a randomized experiment to examine the effects of subsidies for a mosquito repellent ointment that protects against mosquito bites and malaria on product use and malaria cases in Burkina Faso. Around 3100 households were randomly allocated to one of the three experimental groups defined by level of subsidy: 0, 50 or 100%. Subsidies strongly and significantly increase the probability of acquiring a jar of mosquito repellent ointment and using it regularly during the rainy season. We find no substitution with bed nets, but a strong effect on the use of mosquito coils. The treatment effects on usage are heterogeneous, including more positive outcomes for young children as reported by their caregiver. The impact on use continues even after the end of the subsidy, with effects on demand and willingness to pay elicited through a Becker–DeGroot–Marschak approach eight months after the end of the intervention. Our intervention induces a significant reduction in declared malaria occurrence during the rainy season, but no effect at the very end of the rainy season when blood tests were taken. The seemingly discrepancy will be partly explained by timing and sample size.
中文摘要
我们评估了一种需要重复购买且克服了蚊帐局限性的疟疾预防工具的需求与影响。我们通过随机实验考察了在布基纳法索，对一种可防止蚊虫叮咬和疟疾的驱蚊软膏提供补贴对产品使用和疟疾病例的影响。约3100户家庭被随机分配到按补贴水平划分的三个实验组之一：0、50%或100%。补贴强烈且显著地提高了在雨季获取一罐驱蚊软膏并定期使用的概率。我们未发现与蚊帐之间存在替代关系，但发现对蚊香使用有强烈影响。使用方面的处理效应具有异质性，包括照护者报告的幼儿更为积极的结果。对使用的影响在补贴结束后仍持续存在，在干预结束八个月后通过Becker–DeGroot–Marschak方法引出的需求和支付意愿方面仍有影响。我们的干预显著降低了雨季期间自报的疟疾发生，但在雨季即将结束时进行血液检测时没有影响。这一表面上的差异将部分由时间安排和样本量来解释。