Econ Papers Daily / 期刊论文
红色恐慌宣传对美国公众舆论的影响：来自威廉·伦道夫·赫斯特报纸的证据
The Effect of Red Scare Propaganda on U.S. Public Opinion: Evidence from the Newspapers of William Randolph Hearst
摘要
Could anti-redistributive sentiment have long-run roots in Red Scare-era propaganda? In the 1930s and 40s, the media mogul William Randolph Hearst espoused vehement anti-communist rhetoric in his newspapers. Fears of socialism went head-to-head with FDR’s New Deal, the first wide-scale federal spending program. Using variation in newspaper penetration across U.S. counties, I show that an increase of 10 percentage points in Hearst circulation per capita decreased support for FDR by 2.1 percentage points. I also show evidence that these effects are long run, decreasing support for public healthcare and welfare programs through the late twentieth century.
中文摘要
反再分配情绪是否可能根植于红色恐慌时代的宣传？在20世纪30年代和40年代，媒体大亨威廉·伦道夫·赫斯特在其报纸上宣扬激烈的反共言论。对社会主义的恐惧与罗斯福新政——首个大规模联邦支出计划——正面交锋。利用美国各县报纸渗透率的差异，我表明，赫斯特报纸人均发行量每增加10个百分点，对罗斯福的支持率下降2.1个百分点。我还提供证据表明，这些影响是长期的，直至20世纪末仍在降低对公共医疗和福利项目的支持。