Econ Papers Daily / 期刊论文
国际清洁能源融资与公共政策对低碳能源转型的影响：来自埃及和巴西的证据
The impact of international clean energy finance and public policies on the low-carbon energy transition: Evidence from Egypt and Brazil
摘要
Egypt and Brazil are among the developing countries receiving the highest levels of international finance for clean energy; yet, they differ substantially in their renewable energy potential, energy composition, and policy frameworks, allowing for a comparative analysis of how these factors affect the development of low-carbon energy. This study examines the impact of environmental taxes, international finance received for clean energy, government expenditures, green innovation, and ecological footprint on low-carbon energy in Egypt and Brazil from 2000 to 2022. The robust results indicate that environmental taxes have a positive influence on low-carbon energy in Brazil. In contrast, international finance for clean energy has a positive effect in Brazil but an adverse effect in Egypt. Government expenditures negatively impact low-carbon energy in Egypt, whereas the ecological footprint exhibits a negative effect in Brazil. These findings suggest that the effectiveness of international finance and government expenditures critically depends on domestic energy structures, renewable energy potential, and the allocation of fiscal resources. In Brazil, established renewable infrastructure and diversified energy sources support the positive impact of international finance for clean energy. In Egypt, reliance on fossil fuels and limited deployment of renewables may reduce the effectiveness of external funding. The results indicate that aligning financial and fiscal measures with renewable energy expansion and low-carbon strategies.
中文摘要
埃及和巴西是获得清洁能源国际融资水平最高的发展中国家之列；然而，两国在可再生能源潜力、能源结构和政策框架方面存在显著差异，从而为比较分析这些因素如何影响低碳能源发展提供了条件。本研究考察了2000年至2022年间环境税、获得的清洁能源国际融资、政府支出、绿色创新和生态足迹对埃及和巴西低碳能源的影响。稳健结果表明，环境税对巴西的低碳能源具有正向影响。相比之下，清洁能源国际融资在巴西具有正向效应，但在埃及则产生不利影响。政府支出对埃及的低碳能源产生负向影响，而生态足迹在巴西则表现出负向效应。这些发现表明，国际融资和政府支出的有效性关键取决于国内能源结构、可再生能源潜力以及财政资源配置。在巴西，已建立的可再生能源基础设施和多元化的能源来源支撑了清洁能源国际融资的正向影响。在埃及，对化石燃料的依赖和可再生能源部署有限可能削弱了外部资金的有效性。结果表明，应将金融和财政措施与可再生能源扩张及低碳战略相协调。