Econ Papers Daily / 期刊论文
按移民身份划分的岗位置换劳动力市场成本
The Labor Market Costs of Job Displacement by Migrant Status
摘要
This paper examines the differential impact of job displacement on migrants and natives. Using administrative data for Germany from 1997–2016, we identify mass layoffs and estimate the trajectory of earnings and employment of observationally similar migrants and natives displaced from the same establishment. Despite similar pre-layoff careers, migrants’ earnings losses are about 23% larger in the first five years after displacement. This gap arises from both lower re-employment probabilities and post-layoff wages and is not driven by selective return migration. Key mechanisms include sorting into lower-quality firms and relying on lower-quality coworker networks during job search.
中文摘要
本文考察了失业对移民和本土居民的差异化影响。我们使用德国1997—2016年的行政数据识别大规模裁员，并估计从同一机构被裁员的、在观察特征上相似的移民和本土居民的收入与就业轨迹。尽管裁员前的职业经历相似，但移民在失业后前五年的收入损失约高出23%。这一差距既源于再就业概率较低，也源于失业后工资较低，并且并非由选择性回流迁移所驱动。关键机制包括在求职过程中进入质量较低的企业，以及依赖质量较低的同事网络。