Econ Papers Daily / 期刊论文
服务贸易改革：结构变迁与生产网络
Trade Reform in Services: Structural Change and Production Networks
摘要
We study the effects of services trade reforms in a multi‐country multi‐sector quantitative trade model with input–output linkages. Services matter both as final consumption and as production inputs: cheaper traded services lower household prices directly and reduce the costs of downstream producers also indirectly. We find that (i) welfare gains from a multilateral services trade‐cost reduction are large; (ii) gains depend strongly on the structure of final demand and production networks, especially the intensity with which producers use services as intermediate inputs; and (iii) both Emerging Market and Developing Economies (EMDEs) and Advanced Economies (AEs) gain when EMDEs reduce services barriers toward AE levels and the largest gains among AEs accrue to services‐intensive economies with strong EMDE linkages. These results suggest that the potential gains from liberalizing services trade are large and likely to rise for economies that develop more services‐intensive production networks, thereby calling for renewed ambition in services trade reforms.
中文摘要
我们在一个具有投入产出联系的多国多部门定量贸易模型中研究服务贸易改革的影响。服务既作为最终消费也作为生产投入而重要：更便宜的可贸易服务直接降低家庭价格，也间接降低下游生产者的成本。我们发现：(i) 多边服务贸易成本降低带来的福利收益很大；(ii) 收益强烈依赖于最终需求结构和生产网络，尤其是生产者将服务用作中间投入的强度；(iii) 当新兴市场和发展中经济体（EMDEs）将服务壁垒降至发达经济体（AEs）水平时，EMDEs和AEs均获益，而AEs中最大的收益归于与EMDEs联系紧密的服务密集型经济体。这些结果表明，服务贸易自由化的潜在收益很大，并且对于发展出更多服务密集型生产网络的经济体可能上升，因此呼吁在服务贸易改革中重振雄心。