Econ Papers Daily / 期刊论文
大学冲击与研究生产力不平等：来自COVID-19大流行的证据
University shocks and research productivity inequality: Evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic
摘要
Using data on more than 36,000 authors at 1000 business and economics departments, we study how the COVID-19 pandemic reshaped the distribution of research productivity. The pandemic widened pre-existing gaps: relative to the rest, output rose for top-50 departments and for senior and male scholars, while it fell for lower-ranked departments, women, and Ph.D. students. This widening is robust to restricting the sample to authors already active before the pandemic, to excluding scholars who changed institutions, and to using peer-reviewed publications rather than Social Sciences Research Network (SSRN) postings. Institutional slack appears to explain who absorbed the shock: larger departments, prior online-teaching experience, continued hiring, and closure policies matched to local severity are each associated with smaller losses. This episode illustrates how a common organizational shock can deepen inequality by favoring the already well-resourced.
中文摘要
利用1000个商业与经济系超过36000名作者的数据，我们研究了COVID-19大流行如何重塑了科研生产力的分布。疫情扩大了先前存在的差距：相对于其他群体，排名前50的系以及资深和男性学者的产出上升，而排名较低的系、女性和博士生的产出则下降。这一差距扩大在将样本限制为疫情前已活跃的作者、排除更换机构的学者，以及使用同行评审出版物而非社会科学研究网络（SSRN）发布时均保持稳健。机构冗余似乎解释了谁吸收了冲击：规模较大的系、此前的在线教学经验、持续招聘以及与当地严重程度相匹配的关闭政策，均与较小的损失相关。这一事件表明，共同的组织冲击如何通过偏向本已资源充足者而加深不平等。