Econ Papers Daily / 期刊论文
谁与谁结婚？种族与阶级隔离的作用
Who Marries Whom? The Role of Segregation by Race and Class
摘要
Americans rarely marry outside their race or class group, a pattern with well-documented implications for inequality and intergenerational mobility. Limited exposure may partly explain these low intergroup marriage rates. We instrument for exposure using variation in childhood neighborhoods based on whether other race and class groups had more opposite-sex children of similar age. Exposure increases interclass (high- and low-parent income) marriage but has no detectable effect on interracial (White and Black) marriage. A spatial marriage model predicts that residential segregation—one of many forms of exposure—accounts for more than one-third of marital sorting by class but less than 5 percent by race.
中文摘要
美国人很少跨种族或跨阶层通婚，这一模式对不平等和代际流动性具有充分论证的影响。有限的接触机会可能部分解释了这些低群体间通婚率。我们利用童年居住社区的差异——基于其他种族和阶层群体中是否有更多同龄异性儿童——作为接触机会的工具变量。接触机会增加了跨阶层（高收入与低收入父母家庭）通婚，但对跨种族（白人与黑人）通婚未产生可检测的影响。空间婚姻模型预测，居住隔离（接触机会的多种形式之一）解释了超过三分之一的阶层婚姻匹配，但仅解释了不到5%的种族婚姻匹配。