Econ Papers Daily / 期刊论文
居家办公与残疾人就业
Work from Home and Disability Employment
摘要
There has been a dramatic rise in disability employment since the pandemic, while work from home (WFH) has risen fourfold. This paper asks whether the two are causally related. Controlling for compositional changes and labor market tightness, a 1 percentage point increase in WFH increases full-time employment by 1.0 percent for individuals with a physical disability. The postpandemic increase in working from home explains 68–85 percent of the rise in full-time employment. Wage data suggest that WFH increased the supply of workers with a physical disability, likely by reducing commuting costs and enabling better control of working conditions. (JEL I12, J14, J22, J28, J81)
中文摘要
自疫情以来，残疾人群体的就业率显著上升，同时居家办公的比例增长了四倍。本文旨在探究两者之间是否存在因果关系。在控制人口结构变化和劳动力市场紧张程度后，居家办公比例每提高1个百分点，身体残疾者的全职就业率将增加1.0%。疫情后居家办公的普及解释了全职就业率增长的68%至85%。工资数据表明，居家办公增加了身体残疾劳动者的供给，这很可能源于通勤成本的降低以及对工作条件掌控能力的提升。（JEL分类号：I12, J14, J22, J28, J81）